Not in the 1960’s, according to Mgr Ronald Knox:-
Within the lifetime even of the younger of us, we have seen in England and in many other parts of the world a complete apostasy of the human conscience on matters relating to sex. We have seen an attempt, successful, unfortunately, in many minds, to substitute pleasure for duty as the chief end of the married state. And because the Catholic Church, almost alone now in her protest, obstinately insists that the marriage tie is indissoluble, and that the use of marriage is unlawful when artificial conditions render it unfruitful, the Catholic Church is becoming the object of a fresh attack, destined, I think, to be no less bitter than any of the attacks which have gone before it (“Reboam” in ‘A Retreat for Priests’, first published in 1946).
Laodicea 
October 8, 2012 at 7:37 pm
I suppose it began in 1899 with the publication of Freud’s book on dreams.
October 9, 2012 at 8:09 pm
… and is quite evident in 1920s / 1930s novels (random remark of one who only reads amusing and no serious learned stuff).
October 9, 2012 at 9:55 pm
I was listening to some Austrian feminist the other day who said that in the 20s in Austria the socialists were pushing the whole sexual liberation programme – she claims they were on the point of legalization of abortion and everything — but then there was a reaction leading to the Catholic “patriarchal” Dolfuss regime, and Austrian feminism didn’t recover till the 70s…